IN VITRO FERTILIZATION (IVF)
In vitro fertilization (IVF), developed in 1978 to treat blockages in the fallopian tubes, is now one of the most widely used assisted reproduction techniques in the world. Its applications have expanded to include cases of endometriosis, ovarian insufficiency, severe male factor issues, and the prevention of genetic diseases.
This treatment consists of combining eggs and sperm outside the body, in a specialized laboratory, to create embryos that can later be transferred to the uterus to achieve pregnancy.
It is a process that involves several steps, usually carried out over a period of about two weeks.
Ovarian stimulation:
Hormones are administered so that the ovaries produce multiple eggs. The growth of the follicles is monitored by ultrasound until they are ready to be retrieved.
Egg retrieval:
Under sedation, the eggs are retrieved using ultrasound guidance. The procedure lasts between 15 and 30 minutes.
Fertilization:
The eggs are fertilized in the laboratory with sperm, either through the conventional method or by ICSI. The resulting embryos are observed for 3 to 5 days.
Embryo transfer:
One or more embryos are placed in the uterus using an ultrasound-guided catheter, awaiting implantation and pregnancy development.
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Frequently Asked Questions
about In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
1. What is in vitro fertilization and in which cases is it recommended?
It is an assisted reproduction technique in which the fertilization of the egg with the sperm occurs outside the body, in a laboratory. It is recommended in cases such as blocked fallopian tubes, endometriosis, semen quality issues, or when preimplantation genetic testing is desired.
2. How long does an IVF treatment take?
Generally, the entire process lasts around two weeks, from ovarian stimulation to the transfer of the embryo into the uterus.
3. How are the eggs retrieved during the treatment?
Egg retrieval is performed under sedation, guided by ultrasound, where the eggs are extracted from the developed follicles in the ovaries. It is an outpatient procedure that lasts between 15 and 30 minutes.
4. What happens after fertilization in the laboratory?
Once the egg is fertilized, it becomes an embryo and its development is monitored for 3 to 5 days. It can then be transferred to the uterus or frozen for future use.
5. Is the embryo transfer painful?
No. It is a simple procedure that does not require anesthesia, in which the embryos are placed into the uterus using an ultrasound-guided catheter.
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